Diferença do "Still e "Yet".

Observe as seguintes sentenças em português:

(1) Eu não falei com ele ainda.
(2) Eu ainda estudo inglês.
(3) Ela é ainda mais bonita do que a irmã.
(4) Ainda bem que você não disse nada.

Em cada uma delas a palavra "ainda" é usada! O curioso é que para traduzirmos estas sentenças para o inglês teremos de usar uma palavra diferente para o tal do "ainda".

Na sentença (1) temos "... não ... ainda". Ou seja, é uma sentença negativa. Neste caso, em inglês devemos usa o "yet". Assim, a tradução será: "I haven't talked with him yet". Lembre-se: toda vez que a sentença for negativa use o "yet".

Ja a sentença (2) é uma afirmação. Você não usa o "não" na sentença em português. Quando for assim o "ainda" em inglês será "still". Logo, a tradução será "I still study English". Não vá esquecer: em sentenças afirmativas use "still".

Observe que na sentença (3) estamos comparando alguém. Temos aí uma comparação! Quando for assim o "ainda" será traduzido por "even". Veja alguns exemplos, "ainda melhor que" = "even better than"; "ainda mais gordo que" = "even fatter than"; "ainda mais inteligente que" = "even more intelligent than". Nossa sentença em inglês fica assim: "She's even more beautiful than her sister is".

Na útlima sentença - a (4) - temos uma expressão bastante comum em português: "Ainda bem que...". Esta aí em inglês tem dois jeitos, são eles: "it's a good job that..." ou "it's just as well...". Desta forma, nossa sentença poderá ser traduzida de dois modos diferentes: "it's a good job that you didn't say anything" ou "it's just as well you didn't say anything".

Caso continue com dúvidas sobre o uso do "ainda", não se acanhe. Você poderá deixar sua dúvida na área de comentários. Lembre-se estamos aqui para ajudar, não para complicar. See you tomorrow! Take care...
____________

Qual a diferença entre "say" e "tell"?

Imagine um assunto chato sobre o qual falar! Imaginou? Pois é! Com certeza, falar sobre a diferença entre ‘say’ e ‘tell’ está na lista. Acredito que depois do tempo verbal Present Perfect, estes dois verbos - say e tell - devem ser a pedra no sapato de muito estudante de inglês.

O problema para entendê-los é que as pessoas [alunos e professores] sempre se apegam às regras gramaticais ou à tradução isolada de palavras. Pense bem: até hoje fizeram deste jeito e ainda não resolveram o problema; então, o que fazer?

Que tal ir pelo caminho da observação? Aquilo que nós chamamos de ‘noticing’. Ou seja, observar como as duas palavras são usadas. E ao observar, nada de ficar perguntando “por que assim e não assado?”.

Veja só! De acordo com o Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English Online [LDOCEOnline] ‘say’ como verbo tem mais de 50 usos e ‘tell’ mais de 30. O que fazer diante disto? Simples! Aprenda os usos! Evite as regras! Fique de olho quando um ou outro aparecer em textos e exercícios. Observe os exemplos abaixo:

She said [that] she was really tired.
She told me [that] she was really tired.

Onde está a diferença nestas duas sentenças? Para início de conversa, a primeira está com ‘said’ [a forma de ‘say’ no passado]. Porém, logo após o ‘said’ nós já emendamos o que a pessoa disse. Ou seja, é o mesmo que dizer em português ‘ela disse que estava muito cansada’ [lembre-se: ‘que’ em inglês, neste caso, é ‘that’ e pode ser omitido no inglês informal].

Agora note que na segunda sentença logo após ‘told’ [a forma de ‘tell’ no passado] nós temos um pronome objeto [me]. Isto significa que com o verbo ‘tell’ sempre indicaremos para quem algo foi falado. Ou seja, a sentença acima pode ser traduzida assim ‘ela me disse que ela estava cansada’. Perceba a diferença em português para depois perceber a diferença em inglês:

Ela disse que estava cansada. [She said she was tired.]
Ela me disse que estava cansada. [She told me she was tired.]

Anote aí: sempre que você ‘falar a alguém’, ‘dizer a alguém’ ou ‘contar para alguém’ em inglês o mais comum será ‘tell somebody’. Agora se você apenas ‘falar que’, ‘dizer que’ ou ‘contar que’, então em inglês será ‘say’.

I said he would help us. [Eu disse que ele ia ajudar a gente.]
I told you he would help us. [Eu te disse que ia ajudar a gente.]
Michael said his sister quit her job. [Michael disse que a irmã dele pediu as contas do trabalho]
Michael told us his sister quit her job. [Michael falou pra gente que a irmã dele pediu as contas do trabalho]

Aguarde! Em breve eu volto falando mais sobre as diferenças entre ‘say’ e ‘tell’. Take care, you all!

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Como dizer 'agora você disse tudo' em inglês?

A dica de hoje é bem rápida e direta. Mas para poder entender bem você vai precisar saber do eu estou falando. Então, vamos lá!

Imagine que diante de uma situação você tem a sua opinião. Aí outra pessoa chega e fala justamente o que você estava pensando. Por exemplo, você quer muito sair de casa e ir ao cinema. outra pessoa chega e diz 'ei, vamos pro cinema?'. Você, mais do que empolgado, diz 'agora você disse tudo'.

Esta expressão - agora você disse tudo - é geralmente usada para concordar com algo que alguém acabou de dizer. Poderia dar aqui outros exemplos. No entanto, eu disse que a dica era rápida e direta então não vou ficar enrolando.

Em inglês, a expressão que equivale a 'agora você disse tudo' é 'now you're talking'. Isto mesmo! É uma expressão. Logo, não pode ser traduzida ao pé da letra. Tudo dependerá do contexto, do momento em que está sendo usada. Veja os exemplos abaixo:

- Hey, how about pizza for dinner? [Ei, que tal uma pizza no jantar?]
- Now you're talking, man! [Agora cê disse tudo, meu!]

- What if we stay here tonight? [e se a gente ficar aqui hoje a noite?]
- Wow! Now you're talking! [Nossa! Agora cê disse tudo!]

Acho que deu para você ter uma ideia do que estou falando, né? É isto! See you next time! Enquanto isto leia as dicas de inglês abaixo e melhore ainda mais o seu inglês:

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Como é que se diz " nem me diga" em ingles?

A dica de hoje é rápida, mas bastante curiosa. Afinal, você já pensou em como dizer “nem me fale” em inglês? Antes de você responder, acho melhor eu explicar a que contexto, estou me referindo aqui. Ah sim! Essa dica foi publicada pela primeira vez aqui no blog em abril de 2007 (portanto, estou reescrevendo de modo mais claro). Dito isso, vamos ao ponto.

A situação é a seguinte: digamos que alguém chega para você e diz “ando tão cansado ultimamente” ou “ando trabalhando muito ultimamente”; enfim, qualquer coisa do gênero. Ao ouvir isso, você então deseja demonstrar que também está na mesma situação e, portanto, diz “nem me diga!” ou seu sinônimo “nem me fale!”. Pois bem! Como dizer esse essas duas expressões em inglês?

Anote aí que o que eles dizem nesse momento é “tell me about it”. Assim, a conversa pode ocorrer da seguinte forma:

I’ve been so tired lately. (Tenho andado tão cansado ultimamente.)
Yeah, tell me about it! (É, nem me diga!)

Veja que ao pé da letra ficaríamos sem entender o que alguém estaria dizendo nesta situação. Portanto, nada de traduzir “tell me about it” ao literalmente nesse contexto, ok?

Well, that’s all for today! Have a fabulous day, you all. Take care!

Como dizer "e se..." em inglês?

Você já pensou ter de dizer “e se...” em inglês? Como você diria isso? Como você acha que deve ser dito? Como você responderia se alguém te perguntasse isso? A maioria das pessoas quando questionadas sobre isso responde que é só dizer “and if...”. Afinal, é o mais lógico. No entanto, recomendo que você leia essa dica para não cometer esse erro ao falar inglês com alguém.

Para ficar tudo muito mais claro, veja as sentenças abaixo em português para ter uma ideia do que estou realmente falando.

E se der tudo errado?
E se não tiver ninguém lá?
E se ela não gostar de mim?
E se ele falar que não?
E se a gente não souber lidar com a situação?

Claro que a vontade que dá é a de traduzir este “e se...” do jeito mais fácil, não é mesmo? Mas, não faça isso. Anote aí que para dizer “e se...” em inglês o certo é “what if...?”. Assim, as sentenças acima ficarão assim em inglês:

What if everything goes bad?
What if there’s nobody there?
What if she doesn’t like me?
What if he says no?
What if we can’t handle the situation?

Pronto! Agora que você já sabe sobre que tal criar alguns exemplos e assim colocar em prática o que você acabou de aprender.

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Qual a diferença entre "what" e "which"?

As palavras "what" e "which" possuem vários usos em inglês. No entanto, nessa dica vou falar do uso das duas em sentenças interrogativas. Ou seja, quando devemos usar uma ou outra na hora de fazermos uma pergunta. Continue lendo essa dica e você aprenderá mais essa com certeza.

Para ficar mais claro o que quero escrever aqui, veja só as duas sentenças abaixo:

(1) O que você quer fazer?
(2) O que você quer fazer: ficar em casa ou ir ao cinema?

Qual a diferença de uma pergunta para a outra? Se você prestar bem atenção vai notar que na primeira pergunta a resposta pode ser qualquer coisa: a resposta é ampla. Afinal, eu posso responder que quero fazer qualquer coisa das inúmeras coisas que se tem para fazer nesse mundo.

Já na pergunta (2), a resposta é limitada. Eu tenho apenas duas opções já indicadas na pergunta. Ou opto por "ficar em casa" ou "ir ao cinema". Minhas opções são limitadas.

Creio que não há dificuldades em percerber isso lendo cada pergunta acima. Assim, fica mais fácil de entender a situação em inglês. Para não complicar muito, observe a tradução das duas sentenças para o inglês:

What do you want to do?
Which do you want to do: stay home or go to the movies?

Veja que em cada sentença usamos uma palavra diferente: "what" e "which". Por que fiz isso?

Anote aí que em inglês usamos a palavra "what" quando a resposta pode ser qualquer coisa. Ou seja, não há opções de escolha. Já a palavra "which" é usada quando limitamos a respota. Oferecemos as sugestões para a pessoa. Veja mais exemplos:

What is the airline you normally fly? [Qual a companhia aérea pela qual você geralmente viaja?]
Which is the airline you normally fly: TAM, Gol or Azul? [Qual a companhia aérea pela qual você geralmente viaja: TAM, Gol ou Azul?]
What's your favorite flavor? [Qual o seu sabor favorito?]
Which's your favorite flavor: chocolate or strawberry? [Qual o seu sabor favorito: chocolate ou morango?]

Veja que nas perguntas ímpares acima a resposta inclui qualquer coisa. A resposta pode ser qualquer coisa que se encaixe no contexto. Já nas perguntas pares as respostas se limitam às opções dadas por quem pergunta. Portanto, esta é a diferença entre "what" e "which": usamos "what" quando perguntamos de modo geral; mas, usamos "which" quando damos opções de respostas à pessoa.

Devo avisar que esta é a diferença em interrogações (sentenças interrogativa). Afinal, as duas palavras, como mencionei no primeiro páragrafo, têm ainda outros usos na língua inglesa. Usos esses que ficarão para um próximo texto.

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Grammar.

Bem,


Hoje colocarei algumas gramáticas muito importantes e que, servem para se obter uma boa conversação Então, vamos lá.


 Pedir uma permissão


Você já sabe que "May" serve também para pedir uma permissão Uma expressão usada muitíssimo é:


May I come in? Eu posso entrar?




Mostrarse ofendido



I see...you said all of that because you wuanted me go away...Is that right?

Entendo...voce disse tudo o porque que queria que eu fosse embora..verdade?     

The rich man's sons

There was one a rich man who had two sons.
They were good sons and he bought a horse for each of them.
 The two yound men were very pleased with their horses, and rode them every day. Every night they talked about them. They asked their father about the food for the horses, and they asked him other questions every day. Each brother liked his own horse better than the other, and sometimes the two men gor very angry. The house was a quiet place before the horses were bought, but now it was full of noise.
 Their father became very tired of all this.
 One day he died, and the two sons wanted to know about their father's money. They found a piece of paper and they read these words on it:-


     When I die, my two sons must ride from London to the New Forest. I give all my money to the owner of the horse which gets to the New Forest last. I give nothing to the owner of the horse which gets there first.
     The two men read this again. They sat and thought about it for a long time.
    " We must start just now," said the other. " You may start before me if you like."
    " I'll wait a little," said the first man. "I'll have my dinner before I start."
    " I'll start tomorrow," said the other.
      They started their rde two or three days later, but they did not ride very quicly. Each man wanted the other to get to the New Forest before him. So each of them made his horse walk. When one of them got far in front of the other, he turned his horse and rode back along the road to London. When the other saw this, he did not the same. They never went near the New Forest at all.
    One night they came to a hotel, got off their horses, and went it. They asked for some food and two beds.
    The two brothers looked very tired and the man in the hotel said., " you look very tired. What are you doing here ?"
  " They told him about their horses and their father's money.
  " If my horse gets to the New Forest before the other," said one of them, " I shall lose the money. If  brother's horses gets there fisrt, I'll get all the money. So we never ride quickly. We've been on the roads now for three months. We shall never get to the New Forest. What shall we do ? No one well ever get our father's money.
  The man went away to bring some food, but he soon came back.
   " You can be at your journey's end tomorrow, " he said to one of the brothers.
   " Oh, no," he answered, " I can't believed that."
   " Yes, you'll be there tomorrow, or even tonight. Change horses! Ride your brother's horse. Make it get to the New Forest before your own horse."
      Before he finished, the two men were running out of the hotel.

The woman who knew everything

In a city there once lived a woman who knew everything. he rname was Mrs. Ford. She was the wife of Ford, a banker.
 When any of her friends talked to her about anything at all, she knew all about it. No one ever found anything that she did not know.
One day two young men came to live in the city, and they met Mars. Ford at a friend's house. They began to talk about old Indian rings, but Mrs Ford knew more abou them than they knew. She told them all about old Africans rings too.
 " That woman knows a lot," said one of the young men angrily when they were outside the house.
 On another day they met Mrs Ford in the street, and the three began to talk about Greece. Mrs Ford knew all about Greece. She told the other two about the people of Greece, about the River Arta, and about the hills of the country. On another day she told them a lot of things about newspapers. Once she showed them some old Egyptian words, and she could read them. She knew everything.
 The two young men became very tired of Mrs Ford, but they often gad to meet her and talk to her.
 One day they were asked to go to dinner at one of the houses in the city. Mrs Ford was asked to go too.
 " let us find something which she doesn't know," said one of them. " we'll read about it and then we'll talk about it at dinner."
 One the next day one of them was in a bookshop, and he found a big book.
This book was called Everything you want to know, and it was written by R. Cotter. He bought it and took it home.
" This Is just the book that we want," said the other when he saw it. " It has all kinds of things in it. look here!" He shoed his friend Lamps in Old Greece, The Smaller Animals of Africa, and  Indian Rivers.
 " We must find something better than those," said the man who bought it.
  They looked again and found The eyes of a Fish. It told them everything about the eyes, and even about the inside parts. They read it trhugh many times, and when they went to the dinner they knew all about the eyes of a fish.
 At dinner, when the fish was brought to the table, the two young men began to talk about the eyes of a fish. One of them asked Mrs. Ford a lot of questions the inside parts os the eyes.
 Shew knew all the answers and she said the same as the book said.
 " Have you read that book which Is called Everything you want to know?" he aske. " You say just the same as that book says."
 " Read it ?" she cried. " I wrote it !"
 " You wrote it ! But it was written by R. Cotter."
 "Yes," she said. " Rose Cotter was my name before I was married."

Two coats

The ship was at the end of its long journey, and the people were looking over the side. They were waiting to get off. A very rich woman in the ship was talking to a an near her.. She had two big cotas. She put on one of them because it was a cold day. She carried the other coat over her arm.
 "If you take two coats like those into the country," said the man, "you'll have to pay a lot of money. How much did you give for that coat over your arm?
"Only three hundred pounds," she said.
"Three hundred! You'll have to pay about a hundred pounds when you take that into England. They always let anyone take one coat like that. But not two! No. You may seel the other if you have two.
 The rich woman walked away to the other side of the ship. There she saw a woman whom she knew. She took her to a quiet part of the ship. No one else could hear her when she spoke.
" Will you do something for me?" asked the rich woman quietly. " I have two big coats, as you can see. But I mustn't take two into England. Everyone may take one, and you haven't got a coat like this, have you?"
" No," said the other. She was not a rich woman.
 " Good. Will you put this coat on? Then it will look like your coat. They'll le you take it into England. You'll not have to pay anyhting, because you haven't another. Will you do that for me?"
 The other woman put the coat on. She liked it. It was very beautiful. She never had a coat like it in her life.
 " Remember!" said the rich woman. " Don't tell anyone about the coat. Don't say anything about our talk and don't look at me. Just get off the ship and take the coat with you. Then, when we're in the train, you can give it back to me."
 The two women got off the ship and showed their things to the men who were opening bags and looking inside. The men let each woman take one coat. There was no troble.
 When eveyone was in the train, it started on its way to London. The rich woman found the other and said, " Thank you very mucj. You've been very kind. Now you can give me back my coat."
 " Your coat? " cried the other. " What are you talking about? This Is my coat, and I'm not going it to you or to anyone else."


 What could the rich woman do?

The policeman and the thief

 In a small town far away,a man stole some money from a house. The police began to look for the thief,and they found him in two days. They brought him to the police station and found some of the money in his coat.
 There was a new policeman at the police station and they wanted to give him some work.
 "Take this thief to the city," said one of them.
 "You must go there by train,and it goes very soon. Don't be late."
 The policeman and the thief se out along the road to the station. On their way they came to a shop. In this shop bread was sold.
 "We have no food and we must eat something in the train," said the thief. " It's a long way to the city and it will take a long time. I'll go into this shop and buy some bread. Then you and I can eat it in the train. Wait here for me".
 The policeman was glad. "I'll have some food in the train," he thought. " Be quick," he said to the thief. " We haven't much time."
 The thief went into the shop,and the policeman waited in the street for a long time. But then he began to think about the train,and at last he went into the shop.
" Where's that man who came in here to buy some bread?" asked the policeman.
"Oh,he went out of the back door," said the shopkeeper.
 The policeman ran out of the back door,but he could not see the thief. He ran down the road,but he could not find him. So he had to go back to the police station and tell the others about it. They were very angry with him and he was very unhappy.

 All the police on the town beagn to look for the thief again, and they soon caught him. They brought him back to the police station and called the same policeman.

"Now," said one of them angrily, " take him to the city,and don't lose him again!"
 The policeman and the thief set out again along the same road to the station, and they came to the same shop.
" Wait here," said the policeman. " I want to go into that shop and buy some bread for our journey."
" Oh,no," said the policeman. " You did that before, and youran away. This time, I'll go into the shop and buy the bread, and you must wait here for me."

The carter's light.

 An old man was going home late one night with his horse and cart after a hard day's work. When he was not far from his house,the light on the cart went out. He tried to make the lamp burn again,but he could not.
 He was near his home,and so he went along the road without a light. But a policeman saw tha cart without a light. He stopped the old carter.
 "Where's your light?" said the policeman.
 "No one may take a cart along a road at night without a light. You know that. You've broken the law".
 "I had a light," said the old man,"but it has just gine out."
 "I don't believe that story," said the policeman. He took out a book and got ready to write.
 "What's your name and where do you live?"
 "Please don't take my name," said the man.
 "My house Is just there. You can see it from here. I had a light nearly all the way. i haven't come far without a light."
 "You came all the way without a light. What's your name?"
 The carter quickly took the policeman's hand and put it down hard on the top of the lamp.
 The lamp was still hot,and it burnt the policeman's hand. He jumped and he was very angry.
 "Now what do you think?" said the carter.
 "Did I come all the way without a light?"
 "No," said the policeman, "I believe you now. But I still want to know your name. You've broken the law now. You've burnt a policeman's hand. What's your name?"
 "If I tell you my name,you can't write it. Your hand's burnt."
 "You're right," said the policeman. "I can't write now. So you must come with me to the police station. You'll be there all night."

Is it true?

Henry was a grat reader. One day he read a book and said, " Is this story,Father?"

 "What does it matter?" said his father.

"Some stories are true and some are not true. Stories are written to please people. But sometimes you can find the answer to your question. You must think about the story. In one book a horse Is changed into a man. Is it true?"

"No,Father."
 "You're right. it can't be true. You only have to think a little. Then you know the answer to the question."

One day his father was telling Henry about the writer,H.G. Wells.

"Here's a book which Wells wrote," said his father. "It's a story about a man who's living now. He's very tired. He's ill and he can't sleep. So he goes to see a doctor and at last he falls asleep. But he sleeps for more than two hundred years!"


"Is it true?" asked Henry.

Quick thinking!!!

One night a hotel caught fire,and the people who were staying in it ran out in their night clothes.

Two men stood outside and looked at the fire.

"Before I came out," said one, "I ran into some of the rooms and found a lot of money.
People don't think of money when they're afraid. When anyone leaves paper money in a fire,and fire burns it. So I took all the notes that I could find. No one will be poorer because I took them,"
 "You don't know me,! said other,"and you don't know my work?"
   "What Is your work?"
    "I'm a policeman."
      "Oh!" cried the first man. He toughtt quickly and said, "and do you know my work?"
       "No," said the policeman.
       "I'm a writer. I'm always telling stories about things that never happened."

A bad foot.

 In some countries now,a man who Is ill can ask for a doctor's help and pay hotning. But in the old days everyone had to pay a doctor for hos work.
 There was a bookseller who did not like paying for anything. One day he let a big box of books fall on his foot.
  "Go to the doctor," said his wife, "and show that foot to him."
    "No," he said. "I'll wait until the doctor comes into the shop next time. Then I'll ask him about my foot. If I go to see him,I shall have to pay him."
   On the next day the doctor came into the shop and bought some books. When the bookseller was getting them ready,he told the doctor about his bad foot. The doctor looked at it.
      "Yes," said the doctor. "You must put that foot in hot water every night. Then you must put something on it."
        He took out a piece of paper and wrote on it.
       "Buy this and put it on the foot before you go to bed every night," he said.
       "Thank you," said the bokseller. "And now,sir,here are your books."
        "How much?" said the doctor.
        "Two pounds."
        "Good," said the doctor. "I shall not have to pay you anything."
        "Why?" asked the bookseller.
        "I told you about your foot. I want two pounds for that. If people come to my house,I ask them to pay one pound for a small thing like that. But when I go to their houses,I want two pounds. And I came here,didn't I? Good morning."